Animals
Produced
by Pink Floyd
Recorded March--December 1976 at Britannia Row Studios in
Islington, Longdon, England
Released January 23, 1977
Sleeve Design by Roger Waters and Hipgnosis (Storm Thorgerson and
Aubrey Powell)
Graphics by Nick Mason
Chart placing: #2 in the UK; #3 in the US |
1977 marked a
time for change in the music industry--disco and punk were becoming
popular, and established rock bands like Pink Floyd were on the decline.
The newer "musicians" like Johnny Rotten targeted progressive
rock as being "lame" and "uncool", and Mr. Rotten
made this point known by taking Pink Floyd T-Shirts and writing "I
hate" over the logo. Even though Pink Floyd's followers didn't
stray from the band, the music media had a very negative view of the
Floyd. The band, unfortunately, had no strength to do anything about
their image because of the massive touring over the past few years, and
took most of 1976 in the studios again to record a new album. The band
spent 500,000 pounds on the latest in studio equpiment and were eager to
put it to use. This was the last recording session in which Waters,
Gilmour, Mason, and Wright were all on good terms with each other.
Waters was very much in control, but a weary Gilmour was passive about
things and let Waters have his way.
Nearing the height of his dominance in the group, Waters had
become the only band member who could pen meaningful lyrics, and the
band had relied on him soley for lyrics and the majority of the songs. "Animals"
found the band relying on him more than ever, with Waters writing all
the lyrics and nearly all the music. This marks a time when he moved
from the ambiguity of the lyrics of "Dark Side of the Moon",
and to an extent, "Wish You Were Here", to much more
confrontational lyrics. "Pigs (3 Different Ones)" is a direct
attack on specific people, and the other songs reflect the very dark
tone of the album, which is part of the theme--based on George Orwell's
"Animal Farm". Waters claims he was "trying to push the
band into more specific areas of subject matter, trying to be more
direct. Visually, I was trying to get away from the blobs...there isn't
much left for you to interpret."
Oddly enough, the Floyd's best concept album began with no
concept, just three songs accumulated from the past few years. Halfway
through the studio session, Waters realized he could use George Orwell's
concept of people as being animals, and paralleled them in our social
lives. In the eyes of Waters, you are either a dog, pig or a sheep. Dogs
are the crafty cutthroats who travel in groups, in a pecking order, each
one trying to screw the other over to achieve success. Pigs are the
overbearing dictators who have a great fear for what they don't
understand, but claim to know what is best for everyone. They impose
this on the sheep, who are the meek and obediant subserviants to the
world. They realize what has become of them and revolt, but are
eventually put back in their place and taken advantage of again. It's
human nature in a graphic display of our true inner selves, represented
in animal form. Waters' lyrics dominate the album, although the music is
brilliant as well. The album cover is one of the best ever, with Gilbert
Scott's huge Battersea Power Station as the symbol for mankind's
constant laboring, surrounded by industrial train tracks, trash and
coal. It has a very ominous and dark Orwellian feel, and evokes a sense
of power.
Waters came up with putting a pig over the station, symbolizing
greediness, but didn't want it to be artificially created. A giant pig
was designed to be inflated and placed over the station, and was so big
that the first attempt to send it up had to be halted because it was
dark before it was blown up. There were forty photographers and a man
with a rifle (should the pig fly away), but he was removed because of
cost. The following day, the pig was launched, secured with ropes, but a
huge wind blew the pig off the ropes and it flew off into the air. The
pig flew off south of London, interloping in the flight paths of
airplanes, and Heathrow Airport was called about a flying pig--one pilot
who reported it to the control tower was even given a brethalyzer test!
Radar contact diminished after 18,000 feet, and it finally crashed to
the ground and was recovered and sent back for more photos. Even after
all the effort to re-shoot the pig, they ended up superimposing a
picture of the original pig shoot onto the picture of the powerstation.
Still, it remains one of the greatest album covers of all time.
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Pigs on the Wing (Part One)
(Waters) |
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Recorded : November 1976 at Britannia Row
Studios
Roger Waters : acoustic guitar and
double tracked vocals
The opening and closing tracks are almost
identical, and are actually love songs, which is very uncharacteristic
of Waters. He wrote the songs for his new wife, Carolyne Christie, who
is the niece of the Marquis of Zetland and a one time secretary to
Pink Floyd producer Bob Ezrin. At first listen, it is an obtrusive,
meaningless piece in the way of the meat of the album. Upon closer
inspection, it is the only thing that keeps the album from being a 45
minute, as Waters puts it, "scream of rage". Apparantly,
Carolyne was exactly what Waters needed, someone to match wits with
his argumentative and pessemistic mind. "Roger was very good with
words, and you had to be good at semantics to beat him in an argument."
says Peter Jenner. "Poor Syd didn't have that skill, and neither
did any of the others for that matter. I think he was looking for
someone to stand up to him all along." The song was one of the
last to be recorded, and was written by Waters in a demo session a few
months earlier. The song's meaning is that Waters had finally found
someone who can help him escape the madness of life. This especially
rang true for Waters following the huge success of "Wish You Were
Here" and "Dark Side Of The Moon", and his new wife
made him much happier and stopped him from transforming into a "pig".
Even the band said he was much easier to work with.The third line
comes from the original version of "Sheep", called "Raving
and Drooling", and stems from the phrase "and pigs might fly",
meaning achieving the impossible. The Floyd certainly did just that
with this incredible album.
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Dogs (Waters,
Gilmour) |
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Recorded : March-December 1976 at Britannia Row
Studios
Roger Waters : bass, vocals,
vocoder, tape effects
Dave Gilmour : guitar, vocals,
double tracked vocals
Rick Wright : Hammond organ,
Fender-Rhodes and Yamaha pianos,
ARP String Machine synthesizer, backing vocals
Nick Mason : drums, percussion,
tape effects
Interview with David
Gilmour about "Dogs"
Guitar World : On the next Pink Floyd
album, Animals, "Dogs" is the only song not written soley by
Roger. What was your part in co-writing "Dogs" with him?
Gilmour : I basically wrote all the
chords--the main music part of it. And we wrote some other bits
together at the end.
GW : What did you play on that?
Gilmour : A custom Telecaster. I was
coming through some Hiwatt amps and a couple of Yamaha rotating
speaker cabinets--Leslie style cabinets that they used to make. I used
to use two of those on stage along with the regular amps. That slight
Leslie effect made a big difference in the sound.
This is the song. It began years before, when
the band would play it during the summer of 1974, when it was known as
"You Gotta Be Crazy". The fact that they "road tested"
a lot of their material on audiences to find out what worked and what
didn't is one of the things that made the Floyd so great in the 70's.
The song was so good that little changed over the 3 years, making it
the strongest track on the album. "Dogs" are overachieving
back-stabbers who climb the success ladder any way they can, only to
die at an old age of cancer, or to be dragged down by the very weight
they used to need to throw around. This track features some of Waters'
most brilliant lyrics, such as "you just keep on pretending that
everyone's expendable and no one has a real friend"--showing that
the dogs think everyone is as shifty and cutthroat as they are, but no
one admits it. This is also prominent in the line "you believe at
heart everyone's a killer"--the dogs are paranoid and always
looking over their shoulders for another dog to attack them. The best
line, however, is "just another sad old man, all alone and dying
of cancer". This is sung to the dog, in an almost frustrating
last resort to try and tell the dog off. He's saying that no matter
how successful and powerful the dog may become, he will end up like
all the rest. "Another" in the line says that there are many
others like him, and "dying of cancer" is one of those lines
that makes you think, whether you're a dog or not, about your own
mortality. The most striking part is that he wishes the dog would die.
"The stone" is the symbol for negativity and pessemism, and
probably Waters used this as a way of dealing with his own personality
traits, realizing how negative and pessemistic he had become. The
stone prevents you from enjoying life and leaves you stuck to wallow
in your own bitterness, which Waters seemed to thrive on in other
works such as "The Wall" and "The Final Cut". The
song itself began with Gilmour's opening guitar chords, and it was
given to Waters during the "Wish You Were Here" sessions for
approval, but tossed aside because it didn't fit in with the album.
Ultimately it became some of Gilmour's best guitar solo work, and
Gilmour himself finds it one of his best pieces. Unfortunately, the
best version never reached the public's ears because of an inadvertant
error by Waters. Not accustomed to the new studio equipment, he
accidentally erased Gilmour's best take of the solo, and the second
version, although incredible, was not as good as the original. Gilmour
attempted to mimic the growling and barking of a dog, and it is
evident in the song. The actual dog noises were created by a tape of
dog barks put through a Vocoder, which creates the sound into
synthesizer chords, and then ran through a Leslie (rotating) speaker.
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Pigs (Three Different Ones)
(Waters) |
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Recorded : April-May 1976 at Britannia Row
Studios
Roger Waters : bass, double tracked
vocal
David Gilmour : guitar
Rick Wright : Hammond organ, ARP
synthesizer
Nick Mason : drums
"Pigs" are those who think they know
what is right for everyone, regardless of what they think. These
people are simply charades, and their overbearing nature and tendancy
to act like they are better than everyone else is really a product of
their own fears in life. The song has three verses and one pig in each
verse. The first pig is a corporate pig, who does everything he can to
get success, almost like a dog. The second pig is a bitter woman
Waters says represents Margaret Thatcher, whose conservative political
views clash harshly with Waters' strong socialist politics. The third
pig is Mary Whitehouse, leader of the National Viewers and Listeners
Association at the time, and strong campaigner for censorship in
Britain, which Waters was very much opposed to. Waters tinkered with
the lyrics for six months, and feared using her name because of
retaliation, but after seeing her in the papers week after week
decided to put it in. She made nasty comments about Pink Floyd in the
60's, claiming they glorified drugs, sex and hedonism. "Why does
she make such a fuss about everything if she isn't motivated by fear?"
asked Waters. "She's frightened that we're all being perverted."
The middle part of the song is Gilmour's talk box imitating a
squealing pig, which uses voice to shape the notes, which makes the
guitar talk. This song contains some of Waters' most bitter and
ingenius lyrics, most notably "you radiate cold shafts of broken
glass", which is a gem in the Floyd lyric archives. There is a
rich imagery of words here, "pig stain on your fat chin", "tight
lips and cold feet", all evoke images of greedy,
power-hungry...well, pigs.
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Sheep (Waters) |
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Recorded: April, May and July 1976
Roger Waters : bass, vocals
David Gilmour : guitar
Rick Wright : Fender-Rhodes piano,
Hammond organ
Nick Mason : drums
Waters wrote "Sheep" specifically for
the road, and it was played under its original title of "Raving
and Drooling" at the same time that "Dogs" appeared in
the Floyd's set list. Written about a man who was clearly insane,
Waters thought the band should include some new material in the set
list, and even changed the title (temporarily) to "I Fell On His
Neck With A Scream", a very old Floydian style of song title.
Waters re-wrote the lyrics for the album, creating a vision of
ignorant, peaceful beings being led to the slaughterhouse, suddenly
realizing what is wrong, then rebelling against their oppressors.
Disturbingly, there is a parody of the 23rd psalm, performed by Nick
Mason live, but on the album it is an unknown Floyd roadie blaspheming
through a vocoder. The verse does contain a very intersting use of
words "with bright knives"--very discriptive indeed. The
song's literal meaning is that of what could happen if the conditions
in England did not get better, that the people might revolt against
the "too conservative" government. Waters' own socialist
beliefs are very prominent here, and was seen as a prophetic view of
Britain in the 80's. Roger puts it this way: "Sheep was my sense
of what was to come down in England, and it did last summer with the
riots in England, in Brixton and Toxeth, and it will happen again. It
will always happen. There are too many of us in the world and we treat
each other badly. We get obsessed with things, and there aren't enough
of things, products, to go round. If we're persuaded it's important to
have them, that we're nothing without them, and there aren't enough of
them to go round, the people without them are going to get angry.
Content and discontent follow very closely the rise and fall on the
graph of world recession and expansion." Although Gilmour was
very pleased with his solo at the end (it is one of the finest Floyd
riffs ever), he didn't include it on the '87 or '94 tours. He claimed
he couldn't achieve the bitter vocals well enough, though he has
hinted at it popping up on the next tour.
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Pigs on the Wing (Part
Two) (Waters) |
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Recorded : December 1976 at Britania Row Studios
Roger Waters : Ovation acoustic
guitar, double tracked vocals
This coda, to what may be the most downbeat
album Pink Floyd ever recorded, is an upbeat way to bring the album
down gently and not end on a sour note. It also functions to preserve
the continuity of the album, which in many ways is a negative way of
saying the cycle is never-ending. The positive overtone, however, is
that if you find someone you can share your life with, you can avoid
the harmful effects of the Dogs, Pigs and Sheep. Waters says the first
verse means "where would I be without you?" and the second
verse says "in the face of all this other shit--you care, and
that makes it possible to survive." |